How to run application from Limited account using Admin rights?

Use the run as command.

runas /user:administrator notepad.exe

runas /user:administraotr mspaint.exe

Public Provident fund

• The Public Provident Fund Scheme is a statutory scheme of the Central
  Government of India.
• The Scheme is for 15 years.
• The rate of interest is 8% compounded annually.
• The minimum deposit is 500/- and maximum is Rs. 70,000/- in a financial year.
• One deposit with a minimum amount of Rs.500/- is mandatory in each financial year.
• The deposit can be in lumpsum or in convenient installments, not more than 12 Installments in a year or two installments in a month subject to total deposit of Rs.70,000/-.
• It is not necessary to make a deposit in every month of the year. The amount of deposit can be varied to suit the convenience of the account holders.
• The account in which deposits are not made for any reasons is treated as discontinued account and such account can not be closed before maturity.
• The discontinued account can be activated by payment of minimum deposit of Rs.500/- with default fee of Rs.50/- for each defaulted year.
• Account can be opened by an individual or a minor through the guardian.
• Joint account is not permissible.
• Those who are contributing to GPF Fund or EDF account can also open a PPF account.
• A Power of attorney holder can neither open or operate a PPF account.
• The grand father/mother cannot open a PPF behalf of their minor
  grand son/daughter.
• The deposits shall be in multiple of Rs.5/- subject to minimum amount of Rs.500/-.
• The deposit in a minor account is clubbed with the deposit of the account of the Guardian for the limit of Rs.70,000/-.
• No age is prescribed for opening a PPF account.
• Interest is not contractual but rate is notified by Ministry of Finance, Govt. of India, at the end of each year.
• The facility of first withdrawal in the 7th year of the account subject to a limit of 50% of the amount at credit preceding three year balance. Thereafter one Withdrawal in every year is permissible.
• Pre-mature closure of a PPF Account is not permissible except in case of death.
• Nominee/legal heir of PPF Account holder on death of the account holder can not continue the account, but account had to be closed.
• The account holder has an option to extend the PPF account for any period in a block of 5 years on each time.
• The account holder can retain the account after maturity for any period without making any further deposits. The balance in the account will continue to earn interest at normal rate as admissible on PPF account till the account is closed.
• One withdrawal in each financial year is also admissible in such account.
• The PPF scheme is operated through Post Office and Nationalized banks.
• PPF account can be opened either in Post Office or in a Bank.
• Account is transferable from one Post office to another and from Post office to Bank and from Bank to Post office.
• Account is transferable from one Bank to another bank as well as within the bank to any branch.
• Deposits in PPF qualify for rebate under section 80-C of Income Tax Act.
• The interest on deposits is totally tax free.
• Deposits are exempt from wealth tax.
• The balance amount in PPF in PPF account is not subject to attachment under any order or decree of court in respect of any debt or liability.
• Nomination facility available.
• Best for long term investment.

Kisan Vikas Patra

• Minimum Investment Rs. 500/- No maximum limit.
• Rate of interest 8.40% compounded annually.
• Money doubles in 8 years and 7 months.
• Two adults, Individuals and minor through guardian can purchase.
• Companies, Trusts, Societies and any other Institution not eligible to purchase.
• Non-Resident Indian/HUF are not eligible to purchase.
• Facility of encashment from 2 ½ years.
• Maturity proceeds not drawn are eligible to Post office Savings account interest for a
  maximum period of two years.
• Facility of reinvestment on maturity.
• Patras can be pledged as security against a loan to Banks/Govt. Institutions.
• Patras are encashable at any Post office before maturity by way of transfer to desired
  Post office.
• Patras are transferable to any Post office in India.
• Patras are transferable from one person to another person before maturity
• Duplicate can be issued for lost, stolen, destroyed, mutilated and defaced patras.
• Nomination facility available.
• Facility of purchase/payment of Kisan vikas Patras to the holder of Power of attorney.
• Rebate under section 80 C not admissible.
• Interest income taxable but no TDS
• Deposits are exempt from Wealth tax.

National Savings Certificate

• Minimum investment Rs. 500/- No maximum limit.
• Rate of interest 8% compounded half yearly.
• Rs. 1000/- grow to Rs. 1601/- in six years.
• Two adults, Individuals, and minor through guardian can purchase.
• Companies, Trusts, Societies and any other Institutions not eligible to purchase.
• Non-resident Indian/HUF can not purchase.
• No pre-mature encashment.
• Annual interest earned is deemed to be reinvested and qualifies for tax rebate for first 5 years under section 80 C of Income Tax Act.
• Maturity proceeds not drawn are eligible to Post Office Savings account interest for a maximum period of two years.
• Facility of reinvestment on maturity.
• Certificate can be pledged as security against a loan to banks/ Govt. Institutions.
• Facility of encashment of certificates through banks.
• Certificates are encashable any Post office in India before maturity by way of transfer to desired post office.
• Certificates are transferable from one Post office to any Post office.
• Certificates are transferable from one person to another person before maturity.
• Duplicate Certificate can be issued for lost, stolen, destroyed, mutilated or defaced certificate.
• Nomination facility available.
• Facility of purchase/payment to the holder of Power of attorney.
• Tax Saving instrument - Rebate admissible under section 80 C of Income Tax Act.
• Interest income is taxable but no TDS
• Deposits are exempt from Wealth tax.

Senior Citizen's Saving Scheme - 2004

OBJECTIVE OF THE SCHEME We are all well aware that interest rate on Small Saving Scheme has been reduced to 5% in the last four years. The decline in interest rate was initiated from 1t January 2000. The interest rate on 31-12-1999 in Monthly Income Scheme was 13% which has come down to 8% with effect form 1.3.2003. The decrease in the interest rate has negative impact on the life of Senior Citizens. The dwindling interest income was cause of concern and hardship for them on the living conditions of the Senior Citizens. The interest income is a life time benefit for the senior citizens. The Budget for 2004-2005 presented in Parliament had two beneficiary aspects, as for as small Saving Schemes are concerned. The first one is that rats of interest on small savings which were unlikely to be expected to be reduced have been kept stable with no change in rate of interest in any Post Office scheme. The second beneficiary aspect was the introduction of Senior Citizen Saving Scheme-2004 with a higher rate of interest to any other small savings scheme which has come into operation from 2nd August 2004. The main objective of the scheme is to provide a relief to the senior citizens and to check the further decline in their interest income.

POST OFFICE SAVINGS BANK

Minimum amount Rs20/- in case of non- cheque account, Rs.500/- in case of cheque account. Minimum balance of Rs.500/- is to be maintained for a cheque account. Account is opened with cash only. Maximum balance permissible Rs. 1,00,000/- in a single account and 2,00,000/- in Joint account. Two/Three adults, individuals, minor through guardian. A Minor having 10 years of age can also open an account directly. One individual account and one joint account can only be opened at a post office.

Post Office Time Deposit Account.

Period	Rate of Interest
One Year	6.25%
Two years	6.50%
Three years	7.25%
Five years	7.50%

• Interest is calculated quarterly but payable annually.
• No interest is payable on undrawn interest amount.
• Minimum amount of deposit is Rs.200/-. No maximum limit.
• Account can be opened by an individual, two adults jointly and minor through guardian.
• A Minor who has attained the age of 10 years can open the account in his/her own name to be operated directly.
• Non Resident Indian / HUF can not open the account.
• Any number of accounts can be opened.
• Account can be closed after 6 months but before one year without any interest.
• Two, three and Five years accounts can be closed after one year at a discounted rate of interest.
• Facility of redeposit on maturity of an account.
• Deposits not drawn on maturity are eligible to saving account interest rate for a maximum period of two years.
• Account can be pledged as security against a loan to banks/ Government institutions.
• Accounts are transferable from one Post office to any Post office in India.
• Rebate under section 80-C is not admissible.
• Interest income is taxable.
• Deposits are exempt from wealth tax.
• No T.D.S.
• Nomination facility available.

Post Office Monthly Income Scheme

• Interest rate of 8% per annum payable monthly.
• Maturity period is 6 years.
• Minimum investment amount is Rs.1000/- or in multiple thereof.
• Maximum amount is Rs. 3 lacs in single account and Rs. 6 lacs in a joint account.
• Account can be opened by an individual, two/three adults jointly and a minor through a guardian.
• A minor having attained 10 years of age can open an account in his/her own name directly.
• Non-Resident Indian / HUF cannot open the Account.
  Minor has a separate limit of investment of Rs. 3 lacs and the same is not clubbed with the limit of guardian.
• A separate account is opened for each deposit.
• Any number of accounts can be opened subject to the maximum prescribed limit.
• Facility of automatic credit of monthly interest to saving account if accounts are at the same post office.
• Facility of premature closure of account after one year @ 3.50% discount.
• No deduction of 3.5% if account is closed on completion of three years.
• Facility of reinvestment on maturity of an account.
• Interest not with-drawan does not carry any interest.
• Maturity proceeds not drawn are eligible to saving account interest rate for a maximum period of two years.
• Account is transferable from one post office to any Post office in India free of cost.
• Nomination facility available.
• Rebate under section 80 C not admissible.
• Interest income is taxable, but no TDS
• Only scheme in Post office where monthly interest is payable.
• Most suitable scheme for senior citizens and for those who need regular monthly income.
• Deposits are exempt from Wealth Tax

Happy Republic Day

28 States & 7 Union Territories
1618 Languages
6400 Castes
6 Ethic Groups
29 Major Festivals
&
1 Country

Name: INDIA
Proud to be an INDIAN.

HAPPY REPUBLIC DAY.

Understanding Event Viewer

Using the event logs in Event Viewer, you can gather information about hardware, software, and system problems. You can also monitor Windows XP security events.

A computer running any version of Windows XP records events in three kinds of logs:

Application log

The application log contains events logged by applications or programs. For example, a database program might record a file error in the application log. Program developers decide which events to monitor.

Security log

The security log records events such as valid and invalid logon attempts, as well as events related to resource use such as creating, opening, or deleting files or other objects. An administrator can specify what events are recorded in the security log. For example, if you have enabled logon auditing, attempts to log on to the system are recorded in the security log.

System log

The system log contains events logged by Windows XP system components. For example, the failure of a driver or other system component to load during startup is recorded in the system log. The event types logged by system components are predetermined by Windows XP.

A computer running Windows configured as a domain controller records events in two additional logs:

Directory service log

The directory service log contains events logged by the Windows directory service. For example, connection problems between the server and the global catalog are recorded in the directory service log.

File Replication service log

The File Replication service log contains events logged by the Windows File Replication service. For example, file replication failures and events that occur while domain controllers are being updated with information about sysvol changes are recorded in the file replication log.

A computer running Windows configured as a Domain Name System (DNS) server records events in an additional log:

DNS server log

The DNS server log contains events logged by the Windows DNS service. Events associated with resolving DNS names to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are recorded in this log.

Event Viewer displays these types of events:

Error

A significant problem, such as loss of data or loss of functionality. For example, if a service fails to load during startup, an Error event will be logged.

Warning

An event that is not necessarily significant, but may indicate a possible future problem. For example, when disk space is low, a Warning event will be logged.

Information

An event that describes the successful operation of an application, driver, or service. For example, when a network driver loads successfully, an Information event will be logged.

Success Audit

An audited security access attempt that succeeds. For example, a user's successful attempt to log on to the system will be logged as a Success Audit event.

Failure Audit

An audited security access attempt that fails. For example, if a user tries to access a network drive and fails, the attempt will be logged as a Failure Audit event.

The Event Log service starts automatically when you start Windows. All users can view application and system logs. Only administrators can gain access to security logs.

By default, security logging is turned off. You can use Group Policy to enable security logging. The administrator can also set auditing policies in the registry that cause the system to halt when the security log is full.

 

Man Vs Wild (Bear Grylls) Photo Gallery

http://picasaweb.google.com/beargryllsphotos

Microsoft Certification Program

 

Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP , 1 EXAM)

Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator (MCSA,3EXAM)

Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE,3EXAM)

Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer With specialization (1EXAM)

 

 

How to earn your MCSE on Windows Server 2003

To earn your MCSE on Windows Server 2003 certification, you must pass seven exams:

1        Four core exams on networking systems

2        One core exam on client operating systems

3        One core design exam

4        One elective exam

 

Related job titles: systems engineer, network engineer, systems analyst, network analyst, or technical consultant.

 

 

Core exams on networking systems (all 4 are required)

 

Exam 70-290: Managing and Maintaining a Windows Server 2003 Environment.

Exam 70-291: Implementing, Managing, and Maintaining a Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure.

Exam 70-293: Planning and Maintaining a Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure.

Exam 70-294: Planning, Implementing, and Maintaining a Windows Server 2003 Active Directory Infrastructure.

 

Core exams on client operating systems (choose one)

 

Exam 70-620⁶: TS: Windows Vista, Configuring .

Exam 70-270: Installing, Configuring, and Administering Windows XP Professional.

Exam 70-210^1,2 : Installing, Configuring, and Administering Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional.

 

Core design exams (choose one) 

Exam 70-297³: Designing a Windows Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure

Exam 70-298³: Designing Security for a Windows Server 2003 Network

 

Elective exams (choose one)

Exam 70-299: Implementing and Administering Security in a Windows Server 2003 Network

 

 

How to earn your MCSE: Messaging on Windows Server 2003

To earn your MCSE: Messaging on Windows Server 2003 certification, you must pass eight exams:

1        Four core exams on networking systems (same as MCSE)

2        One core exam on client operating systems (same as MCSE)

3        One design exam (same as MCSE)

4        Two messaging specialization exams

 

 

Messaging exams (both are required)  

Exam 70-284⁴: Implementing and Managing Microsoft Exchange Server 2003

Exam 70-285⁴: Designing a Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 Organization

How to earn the MCSE: Security on Windows Server 2003

To earn your MCSE: Security on Windows Server 2003 certification, you must pass eight exams:

1        Four core exams on networking systems (same as MCSE)

2        One core exam on client operating systems (same as MCSE)

3        One security design exam (same as MCSE)

4        Two security specialization exams

 

Security specialization exams (choose two) 

Exam 70-299: Implementing and Administering Security in a Windows Server 2003 Network

Exam 70-227²: Installing, Configuring, and Administering Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2000, Enterprise Edition

Exam 70-350: Implementing Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2004

Exam 70-351: TS: Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2006, Configuring

Difference between seeders, peers and leechers ?

Seeder

A seeder is a peer that has a complete copy of the torrent and still offers it for upload. The more seeders there are, the better the chances are for completion of the file.

Seeders (Uploaders):- The one who are Seeding torrents


Peer

A peer is one instance of a BitTorrent client running on a computer on the Internet to which other clients connect and transfer data. Usually a peer does not have the complete file, but only parts of it. However, in the colloquial definition, "peer" can be used to refer to any participant in the swarm (in this case, it's synonymous with "client").

Leech

A leech is usually a peer who has a negative effect on the swarm by having a very poor share ratio - in other words, downloading much more than they upload. Most leeches are users on asymmetric internet connections and do not leave their BitTorrent client open to seed the file after their download has completed. However, some leeches intentionally avoid uploading by using modified clients or excessively limiting their upload speed. The term leech, however, can be used simply to describe a peer - or any client that does not have 100% of the data.

Leechers (Downloader):- The one who are leeching from Seeders.

What is That which we saw peers 50(120) ?
It means, Total of 120peers & you are connected to 50 of them.

CompTIA certification

About CompTIA Certification Exams
CompTIA serves the IT industry as the world's largest developer of vendor-neutral IT certification exams. Since establishing the certification program in 1993, more than one million CompTIA certifications have been earned worldwide. Currently, CompTIA offers certifications in PC hardware, networking, servers, e-Business, convergence, project management, training, Linux, security, digital home technology, document imaging and RFID.

CompTIA A+ Certification
Earning CompTIA A+ certification proves that a candidate has the latest skills needed by today's computer support professionals. CompTIA A+ confirms a technician's ability to perform tasks such as installation, configuration, diagnosing, preventive maintenance and basic networking. The exams also cover domains such as security, safety and environmental issues and communication and professionalism.

CompTIA Network+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Network+ certification demonstrates that a candidate can describe the features and functions of networking components, and possesses the knowledge and skills needed to install, configure and troubleshoot basic networking hardware, protocols and services. The exam tests technical ability in the areas of media and topologies, protocols and standards, network implementation and network support.

CompTIA Security+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Security+ certification demonstrates proof of knowledge and expertise in security topics, such as communication security, infrastructure security, cryptography, access control, authentication, external attack and operational and organization security.

CompTIA RFID+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA RFID+ certification validates an RFID technician's knowledge and skills in the areas of installation, maintenance, repair, and upkeep of hardware and software functionality of RFID products.

CompTIA Server+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Server+ certification validates advanced-level technical competency of server issues and technology; including installation, configuration, upgrading, maintenance, environment, and troubleshooting and disaster recovery. This certification is intended for mid to upper-level technicians.

CompTIA e-Biz+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA e-Biz+ certification proves that a candidate knows the basic concepts, key issues and critical technologies of e-business. CompTIA e-Biz+ is designed for technical and non-technical individuals who work in an e-business environment. The exam is only available in Korean and Japanese languages.

CompTIA CTT+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA CTT+ certification proves excellence in preparation, presentation, communication, facilitation and evaluation in a classroom environment. CompTIA CTT+ is a two-part exam: computer-based and video-based.

CompTIA CDIA+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Certified Document Imaging Architech (CDIA+) certification validates expertise in the technologies and best practices used to plan, design, and specify a document imaging and management system.

CompTIA Linux+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Linux+ certification proves that a candidate can explain fundamental open source resources/licenses, demonstrate knowledge of user administration, understand file permissions/software configurations and manage local storage devices and network protocols.

CompTIA Project+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Project+ certification validates fundamental project management skills. It covers the entire project life cycle from initiation and planning through execution, acceptance, support and closure.

CompTIA Convergence+ Certification
Earning a CompTIA Convergence+ certification proves knowledge and skills in the area of Communications Technologies (CT), where datacomm, telephony/telecommunications, video and broadcast multimedia technologies combine into a single IP-based delivery system.

CEA-CompTIA DHTI+ Certification
Earning a CEA-CompTIA DHTI+ certification demonstrates that a candidate can configure, integrate, maintain, troubleshoot, and comprehend the basic design concepts of electronic and digital home systems.

CompTIA PDI+ Certification
CompTIA PDI+ certification proves that a candidate has the knowledge and skills to provide basic support for printing and document imaging devices. The exam covers domains such as print and scan processes and components, basic electromechanical tools,  color theory  as well as the soft skills of customer service and professionalism and safety and environment.

 

How long does it take to download movies?

It will always help if you have a fast Internet connection, but your download speed also depends on the speed of the server/source you are downloading a movie from. The following table should give you an idea of how long it would take to download a 700MB file (typical movie download) using your Internet connection under perfect circumstances.

Connection speed 56Kbps 128Kbps 256Kbps 512Kbps 1Mbps 2Mbps 10Mbps

Transfer speed 7 KB/s 16 KB/s 32 KB/s 64 KB/s 128 KB/s 256 KB/s 1.25 MB/s

Transfer time 28 hours, 27 mins 12 hours, 27 mins 6 hours, 13 mins 3 hours, 7 mins 1 hours, 33 mins 47 mins 12 mins

1Mbps is equivalent to 1000Kbps.

Please note that the transfer speeds and times quoted above are based on the maximum speed of your Internet connection. If you're downloading movies from a fast server/source then you might be able to achieve these transfer times, but in general your downloads will most likely take longer.

Protect your computer from Virus or Trojans

1. Use a good anti-virus software:  There are several free anti-virus softwares available which provide good protection to your computer. Some such anti-virus are AVG free edition , Avast , Kaspersky etc.
2. Update Anti-virus virus definitions regularly : Most of users just install the anti-virus and they feel that that's all what is needed to keep the computer safe. But that may not be sufficient. You need to regularly update the Virus-definitions of the anti-virus software to keep them up-to-date so that your computer is safe from even the latest viruses.
3. Run full system scan every week: This is a good practice to run a full system scan using your anti-virus software at-least once in a week. This ensures that nothing goes un-noticed.
4. Scan removable drives for viruses before using: Scan your pen-drives and CDs / DVDs before opening them. 
5. Disable Auto-Play functionality for removable media: 
6. Run Internet Explorer /Firefox in limited mode : If you run Internet Explorer / Firefox with default settings, it has capability to install anything including viruses and Trojans on your computer. 
7. Don't open e-mail attachments from unknown people: This is one of the most common way of virus spreading. Not opening such attachments will save you from a lot of mess.
8. Disable preview mode in outlook / other email clients: We advice to disable the preview mode for Outlook / Thunderbird or other mail clients because of safety reasons. Let me put in simple words, when you open the preview, it will try to show all the content in preview, not even that, it will also try to execute any executable file if it is present as any attachment. So disabling preview mode can save you from such problems.